Catholic Teachings on Racism and Stealing free essay sample

People, by their very nature, are social creatures and it is the means by which society manages these relational collaborations that makes the texture of some random society or culture. There are numerous issues in today’s society which were foremost in the public eye through the ages, through our cutting edge and old history and as far back as scriptural occasions. Establishments, for example, the Church give a few lessons concerning how society ought to be relied upon to carry on different issues. For example, the Catholic Church’s position on both bigotry and taking are positions which could be embraced worldwide to help point towards world harmony, correspondence and justness for all. The ideas of having regard for one another as individuals and for singular property are as much an issue today as days gone by and will keep on being later on. The Church’s rules stay significant now and can help humankind later on. It is about the ethical decisions that individuals make. Precisely what is â€Å"moral† or â€Å"immoral† might be deciphered by various individuals and societies in an unexpected way. Ethical quality is â€Å"a implicit rules advanced by society, or some other gathering, for example, religion, or acknowledged by a person for his/her own behaviour† (Sirswal, 2010, p. ). Catholics have lessons set down in the stories of the Bible which help them to settle on moral decisions in their lives. The Ten Commandments are a rule to ethical quality set somewhere near God himself and give Catholics a rule for their living. The pace of progress in today’s world is quick and the Church likewise, through the Vatican, tries to stay up with these progressions and to illuminate its devotees regarding the Catholic good position on different social issues through encyclicals and the drill. The fundamental Catholic law of affection , adoring your God and your neighbor are the key part of Catholic profound quality and considering bigotry to be unethical is straightforwardly connected to the idea of cherishing thy neighbor. Prejudice can be characterized as â€Å"a conviction or precept that intrinsic contrasts among the different human races decide social or individual accomplishment, as a rule including the possibility that one’s own race is better and has the privilege than rule others† (Random House, 2013). Prejudice is seen by Catholics as a wrongdoing as it goes legitimately against God’s lessons that we should all treat others the manner in which we might want to be dealt with. The Bible says that we were totally shaped in the picture and resemblance of God and that we are each of the one in Jesus Christ. This doesn't gel at all with any type of bigotry; we are on the whole equivalent and nobody (race or something else) is better than another. The Bible lets us know â€Å"Do not judge by appearances, however judge with right judgment† (John 7:24) and Romans 10:12 discloses to us that â€Å"there is no differentiation among Jew and Greek; for a similar Lord is the Lord of all, presenting his wealth on all who approach him†. It is about regard for ourselves and our kindred people. Another issue like this is taking, which includes individuals having regard for other’s property. Taking is a mind boggling issue however essentially rotates around the issue of burglary, â€Å"the mystery taking of another’s property against the sensible will of that other† (New Advent, 2013). It is basically denying an individual or gathering of their assets. Not exclusively is it seen by the Catholic Church as a transgression, in many societies around the globe it is likewise an unlawful demonstration which is administered against. The Seventh Commandment expresses that â€Å"Though will not steal† and is rehashed commonly in the Bible (Matthew 19:18,Exodus 20:15). This gives off an impression of being a reasonable instructing and furthermore connects to the Catholic convention that all individuals must regard the property privileges of others. Anyway the Church’s position on the issue isn't straightforward. There are such huge numbers of levels of taking, as far as the material estimation of what has been taken, the plan to which the taken thing was to be put, the purpose the individual had when they denied the other of that property and whether compensation will be made for the property taken. The Catholic Church makes exemption in conditions, for example, where somebody doesn't have the essential necessities of life (food, water and cover) and the burglary of such things might be supported on the off chance that they are vital for life to proceed and are taken from another’s abundance. Precepts 6:30-31 states that â€Å"Men don't scorn a burglary on the off chance that he takes to fulfill his appetite when he is starving. However on the off chance that he is gotten, he should pay sevenfold; however it costs him all the abundance of his house†. It is about sympathy for individual man. The Catholic legend on taking can likewise be hard to decipher in present day times when material property can be taken, yet additionally licensed innovation, for example, copyright and web/web rights. Supplement 1 is an article with respect to some American youngsters who, following Obama’s re-appointment, tweeted bigot remarks, including calling President Obama a â€Å"nigger† and making monkey agrees. This article features that regardless of the Bible’s educating and the country’s moral codes, there are still a few people who have supremacist mentalities. Catholics ought to have zero resistance f bigotry and it is correct that numerous individuals went to the teenagers’ schools to make them mindful of the remarks made. It ought not make any difference whether the adolescents implied no malevolence in their remarks or not, maybe they just idea they were being â€Å"funny men† or were surrendering to peer weight and following the lead of oth ers. In present day society, where nations are progressively multi-social it is significant that society advances the idea of various races and societies living respectively in concordance. The Catholic lessons are a decent reason for society to the extent prejudice not being endured and that no race is better than another. It is especially significant in present day society as the internet and online networking implies that activities and remarks are shared all through the world in a moment. While years prior, a high-schooler offering some remark like this among companions would not have spread any further, the unimportant composing of the words on to a tweet mean they were channeled the world over instantly. It is extraordinary that numerous individuals griped and got quite agitated about the remarks. The other threat today is that such remarks communicate to millions around the globe, may induce others to carry on along these lines. The Catholic lessons are still as important in such conditions as they generally have been. Individuals do need to treat others decently and fairly and all are equivalent in God’s eyes. The article in Appendix 2 alludes to a group of adolescents, drove by three young ladies, utilizing a firearm and sledges in a theft of a takeaway store in New Zealand in 2010. They ineffectively attempted to take cash and wound up taking rucksacks brimming with desserts. The entire demonstration of savagery and burglary is against the Church’s lessons. Given that the culprits were after cash from the outset, it doesn't appear that they carried out the wrongdoing out of distress or craving. They have penetrated another person’s right to their property and their entitlement to gain a living from their works, The storekeeper likewise had their own privileges of wellbeing and security penetrated having a firearm displayed in his face. Aside from the way that such taking is unlawful as far as New Zealand law, the Catholic Church’s educating would likewise apply here. Current society is turning out to be increasingly materialistic and like never before individuals need to submit to the Church’s instructing of Thou will not steal†. Social issues, for example, medications and liquor misuse may likewise make a few people increasingly inclined to turn to taking to take care of their propensities and practices. Regardless of the entirety of this everybody needs to start again from scratch of the Church’s instructing and to regard others and their property. The idea of Love Thy Neighbor ought to be more appropriate than any time in recent memory. What does the future hold for both these issues and the Catholic perspective on them? We don't and never have, lived in an ideal society and Catholics can't make a case for their lessons offering ascend to an ideal society. In any case, if more individuals grasped a portion of the Catholic lessons according to the issues of bigotry and taking, it would be a major positive development. Our general public today is more migrant than any time in recent memory, with individuals consistently making a trip to different nations around the globe and encountering an ever increasing number of societies. Individuals settle in new nations and Australia is a genuine case of a multicultural society. The way in to every one of these races and ethnicities living as one must be equivalent to the way to Catholic lessons, the affection for one’s God and one’s neighbor. There must be racial balance and equity for all around the world. The brilliant principle of do unto others what you would need never really still applies today, even with all the mod-cons and innovation available to us. The times of online networking mean our activities and words as an individual can be seen and decided by others all around the globe in a brief moment. Catholics and for sure all individuals need to regard the rights, independences and property of all others. The entire idea of â€Å"property† itself should be reevaluated as it doesn't really mean just material things can be taken, yet in addition licensed innovation, considerations and thoughts of others are to be regarded as having a place with them. In its least complex structure this implies â€Å"Thou will not steal†, anyway it is additionally critical to have empathy and to follow our obligation to help those less lucky than ourselves. A person’s comprehension of ethical quality may come from a set of principles set somewhere near any number of organizations, for example, government as laws and religion. It is about how one develops into adulthood and structures thei

Examples of Physical Changes and Chemical Changes

Instances of Physical Changes and Chemical Changes Is it accurate to say that you are befuddled about the contrast between substance changes and physical changes and how to disclose to them separated? Basically, a concoction change delivers another substance, while a physical change doesn't. A material may change shapes or structures while experiencing a physical change, yet no synthetic responses happen and no new mixes are delivered. Key Takeaways: Chemical and Physical Change Examples A synthetic change results from a compound response, while a physical change is when matter changes shapes yet not substance identity.Examples of concoction changes are consuming, cooking, rusting, and rotting.Examples of physical changes are bubbling, softening, freezing, and shredding.Often, physical changes can be fixed, if vitality is input. The best way to invert a concoction change is by means of another compound response. Instances of Chemical Changes Another compound (item) results from a substance change as the molecules adjust themselves to shape new synthetic bonds. Consuming woodSouring milkMixing corrosive and baseDigesting foodCooking an eggHeating sugar to frame caramelBaking a cakeRusting of iron Instances of Physical Changes No new substance species frames in a physical change. Changing the condition of an unadulterated substance between strong, fluid, and gas periods of issue are for the most part physical changes since the character of the issue doesn't change. Folding a sheet of aluminum foilMelting an ice cubeCasting silver in a moldBreaking a bottleBoiling waterEvaporating alcoholShredding paperSublimation of dry ice into carbon dioxide fume How to Tell Whether Its a Physical or Chemical Change? Search for a sign that a concoction change happened. Concoction responses discharge or ingest heat or other vitality or may create a gas, smell, shading or sound. On the off chance that you dont see any of these signs, a physical change likely happened. Know a physical change may deliver an emotional change in the presence of a substance. This doesnt mean a concoction response happened. Now and again, it might be difficult to tell whether a compound or physical change happened. For instance, when you break down sugar in water, a physical change happens. The type of the sugar changes, however it continues as before artificially (sucrose atoms). Be that as it may, when you break up the salt in water the salt separates into its particles (from NaCl into Na and Cl-) so a concoction change happens. In the two cases, a white strong disintegrates into an unmistakable fluid and in the two cases, you can recuperate the beginning material by expelling the water, yet the procedures are not the equivalent. Find out More 10 Examples of Physical Changes10 Examples of Chemical ChangesChemical and Physical PropertiesUnderstanding Chemical and Physical Changes Source Zumdahl, Steven S. also, Zumdahl, Susan A. (2000). Science (fifth Ed.). Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-98583-8.

The Withered Arm Essays

The Withered Arm Essays The Withered Arm Paper The Withered Arm Paper Exposition Topic: Writing In this exposition I am going to attempt my best to respond to the inquiry Who do you believe is to be faulted for the awfulness of The Withered Arm? I will endeavor to incorporate as much data and motivations to whom I believe is to be accused and why. I will attempt to legitimize these reasons with different statements and portrayals by alluding to the content. Thomas Hardy was conceived in 1840 and passed on in 1825. He was an incredible author who composed numerous acclaimed books, for example, Mayor of Casterbridge and Far From The Madding Crowd. These books are presently known for being exemplary writing. The greater part of the books he composed were discouraging and unexpected. The Withered Arm is one of numerous Thomas Hardy short books, it is set in the late 1800s in a town called Holmstoke that has a little country network of for the most part milkmaids. There are three primary characters in this novel they comprise of: Farmer Lodge; an affluent and regarded man, who is notable for his great notoriety. Additionally there is Rhoda Brook; a not all that rich lady and less blessed than Farmer Lodge with a notoriety of being a witch. Ultimately there is additionally Gertrude Lodge; she is Farmer Lodges new spouse. .. They state shes ruddy cheeked, titsy-totsy little body enough. They/The men become sick and disappointed. Toward the finish of the story they have a contention, that closes shockingly. Kayerts accidently slaughters Carlier on account of some sugar he needs to have in his tea. On the following day, before the pontoon shows up, Kayerts kills himself/ends it all. 2. This book is both a spine chiller and a political articulation. Written in 1896, Joseph Conrad gives a record of two white brokers, Carlier and Kayerts, who are out-posted in Africa at an exchanging station. In spite of the fact that the Europeans do exchange products, their fundamental intention is to trade human advancement, from Europe to Africa. Carlier and Kayerts are living in provincial occasions. Britain and other European nations have power over Africa. The local individuals are viewed as needing being socialized. 3. As the liner that drops them off blurs into the separation, Carlier and Kayerts as of now feel uncomfortable. Out in the wilderness with no different Europeans to help their perspectives about the world, they sense that they are in a strange spot, and not capable they have been alloted. Their forerunner lies.. 4. Rundown 5. Kayerts and Carlier are placed responsible for a remote and . unpromising exchanging station on a waterway. Its past specialist 7. kicked the bucket of fever and his grave, set apart by a cross, shapes section 8. of the station. The executive of the exchanging organization, who 9. predicts their disappointment, leaves them with enough arrangements 10. to keep going for the a half year until his conceived return. Makola, 11. ‘a socialized nigger’ who lives with his family on the station, 12. is liable for the obtaining and capacity of ivory and is 13. accountable for the ten dark men working (not viably) 14. at the post. The other gathering of locals, ‘Father’ Gobila’s 15. individuals, are well disposed and furnish the station with neighborhood 16. supplies. At the point when a gathering of wild looking dark outsiders 17. shows up in the compound, Makola acts unusually 18. furthermore, makes secret courses of action to sell the ten station 19. men to the outsiders as a byproduct of six lovely tusks that 20. are stored in the yard. It slowly first lights on Kayerts 21. also, Carlier that they have gotten associated with a horrendous 22. wrongdoing, yet subsequent to disposing of their underlying aches of blame are 23. omforted by the idea of rewarding commissions on the 24. ivory. The liner is late, their arrangements are running low 25. what's more, the physical and mental condition of the two white men 26. decays quickly. Dispirited by a squabble about the last 27. pieces of sugar, they start to battle, and Kayerts shoots the 28. unarmed Carlier in what he accepts to act naturall y safeguard. 29. At the point when the liner at long last shows up, the chief finds 30. Kayerts’s body swinging from the cross with his tongue 31. insolently stood out at him. Shriveled arm In a novel organized around contrasts, the primary restriction is between Swithin St Cleeve and Lady Viviette Constantine, who are introduced as paired figures in a progression of ways: highborn and lower class, energetic and develop, single and wedded, reasonable and dim, strict and agnostic†¦she [Lady Viviette Constantine] is likewise profoundly ordinary, ludicrously wishing to cover their marriage until Swithin has accomplished societal position through his logical work, which offers ascend to uncontrolled incongruities and awful comic mistaken assumptions (Harvey 108). | †| Hardy’s stories take into onsideration the occasions of life and their belongings. Destiny assumes a critical job as the topical reason for a considerable lot of his books. Characters are continual ly experiencing junction, which are emblematic of a state of chance and change. A long way From the Madding Crowd tells a story of lives that are developed by some coincidence. â€Å"Had Bathsheba not sent the valentine, had Fanny not missed her wedding, for instance, the story would have taken an altogether unique way. †[13] Once things have been kicked off, they will play out. Hardys characters are in the grasps of a staggering destiny. [edit] Poetry Thomas Hardy was conceived and grew up close Dorchester in the province town of Dorset. Dorset was the motivation of the greater part of his work in spite of the fact that he included regions, for example, Devon, Somerset, Cornwall, Hampshire, Wiltshire, Berkshire and Oxfordshire. Different stories composed by Thomas Hardy have been based, acquired and improved from encounters advised to numerous ages of the Hardy family. The regions the accounts are set around are an anecdotal nation called Wessex, in light of the zone he lived up in. By setting the accounts in a region notable to Hardy he can broadly expound, yet additionally make them sound as practical as could be expected under the circumstances. Strong even uses the territorial vernacular to breath life into his accounts and make the peruser think they are there. By finding the accounts in the open country, Hardy gives the narratives a more slow, increasingly loosened up lifestyle, with various qualities to those showing downtown life. The field by and large comprises of a closer system of individuals contrasted with the city life, due to the littler progressively included network, individuals may mind a greater amount of what others consider them which produces the various qualities, standards and ethics. From the story, The Withered Arm, I have decided to explore the character, Rhoda Brook. In the story, Rhoda plays a fascinating character, spurred by her underlying desirously towards others. Rhodas character is one that creates all through the story. Tough lets his perusers envision what Rhoda resembles as he gives little portrayal of her physical appearance. He states that she is tall from the statement, aâ‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦and if shes tall as tall as I taken from page 2. He likewise uncovers she has dim eyes, a statement from page 5 follows Her eyes, at that point, are not dull like mine? This can be seen in two somewhat various ways. The conspicuous first is that of a physical element. The second less evident trademark is of a mischievous, manipulative and conceivably conspiring viewpoint, maybe dependent on her own character. Unmistakably Rhoda doesn't have the decision to work or not, and, later it becomes evident that she lives all alone with her child, who is around the age of twelve. Rhoda is resolved to guarantee that her child respects her. His own perspective on his mom is essential to her; she may feel compromised by Farmer Lodges new spouse and this possibly the motivation behind why she sent her child out to perceive what she resembles. This causes a shallow, shaky perspective on herself, in that she accepts physical attributes are more critical than character. As a mother it is critical to Rhoda to shield her child from any symbol tattle he may find out about her from the town where they live. This is conceivably why they moved away. Be that as it may, toward the start of the story when the draining house cleaners were discussing Rhoda and Framer Lodge she didn't appear to be too stressed over what others thought of her. She wishes to get her child far from anything that may urge him to loathe her. Rhodas relationship towards the male characters in the story is scarcely existent. Rhoda maintains a strategic distance from discussion with most guys. This may have something to do with past encounters; maybe she had been harmed from past connections and now dodges any contact with the other gender. She has a lot of disdain towards Farmer Lodge this might be, for not tolerating or recognizing her kin on the record of their bombed relationship. The main positive relationship Rhoda has with a male character in the story is her child, Jamie. The early introductions of Rhoda are discernibly unique to the ones discovered while investigating her character all the more seriously. My own early introductions of her were of a lady driven by enviously and the should be in charge of each circumstance. Notwithstanding, looking further into her mien she essentially has an unreliable perspective on circumstances. To outside individuals she may appear to be a solid character, however where it counts, she is more enthusiastic than the male characters in the story. Rhoda infrequently includes herself with any discussion, anyway she is conscious towards others, however on events she misinterprets circumstances, which might be viewed as ill bred. This can be deciphered from the pages 9 to 10, where upon Gertrude shows up at Rhodas house from certain boots from her child. By the way Rhoda acts towards Gertrude suggests to the rea

Limitations of Horizon Ideologies and Love In the Decameron and Heptameron - Literature Essay Samples

At the time that Giovanni Boccaccio’s Decameron and Marguerite de Navarre’s Heptameron became popular there were numerous similar works in circulation. Readers mainly enjoyed the tales as facile entertainment rather than literature, and most served merely to unconsciously reinforce the dominant ideologies of the time rather than interrogate or challenge them in any way. In light of this, it is unsurprising that the Decameron and Heptameron have remained great while similar works faded to obscurity. Unlike their contemporaries, the authors of these works employ not only superior technical skill throughout but also bring to their works perspectives that differ from the commonly accepted ideologies of their societies and call such conventions into question. Boccaccio, for example, used many of his stories to deconstruct the traditionally accepted social structure. In his eyes, rigid class systems were a social construct that led humanity away from God’s original ord er, an order that remained apparent through attention to human biology. In the First Story of the Fourth Day, a princess defends herself for taking a lover of a lower class, saying to her father,†¦consider for a moment the principles of things, and you will see that we are all of one flesh and that our souls were created by a single Maker, who gave the same capacities and powers and faculties to each. We were born equal, and still are, but merit first set us apart, and those who had more of it, and used it the most, acquired the name of nobles to distinguish them from the rest. Since then, this law has been obscured by a contrary practice, but nature and good manners ensure that its force still remains unimpaired; hence any man whose conduct is virtuous proclaims himself a noble, and those who call him by any other name are in error. (Boccaccio 297).In this speech it becomes clear that Boccaccio views the contemporary structure of society as an imposition upon humanity that run s â€Å"contrary† to the natural order (Boccaccio 297). This view can be seen consistently throughout the Decameron. One way in which it is manifest is through Boccaccio’s relatively gentle treatment of corrupt clergymen. In Texts, Naked and Thinly Veiled: Erotic Elements in Medieval Italian Literature, Christopher Kleinhenz argues that, when compared with the depictions of clergymen in contemporary works, Boccaccio’s stories are remarkably non-judgemental. For example, in the Second Tale of the Fourth Day, a man becomes a friar and convinces a silly woman to sleep with him by telling her that his body is inhabited by the Angle Gabriel. He is of course found out, but there is at least as much emphasis on the stupidity of the woman as on his own vileness, and he is spared death at the hands of her brothers in favour of public humiliation. Therefore, â€Å"In the end†¦he got the punishment he deserved, and repented in vain for the crimes he had committedâ₠¬  (Boccaccio 312). Kleinhenz argues that this lenient treatment of clergy who give in to sexual desire is symptomatic of Boccaccio’s greater underlying ideology that all human beings† should be able to â€Å"act naturally and follow their natural desires, inclinations, and instincts to fulfillment (102). The clergy are not the only ones to whom Boccaccio is lenient in their amorous desires. He appears to levy almost no judgement on adulterers or those who love outside of marriage, seeing them as adhering to the higher moral code of Nature rather than bending to the false and constricting moral code of society. Nearly every story begins with a pair of lovers separated by class. In the comic stories the lovers are victorious through a series of humorous circumstances.For example, in Tale 10 on the Fourth Day, a married woman and her lover succeed in tricking her husband and preventing him and the rest of the town from discovering them. The speaker concludes, â€Å"The ir love continued to flourish, affording them greater and greater pleasure – which is what I should like to happen to me, except that I would not want to be stuffed inside a trunk† (Boccaccio 362). Here is a clear affirmation of adultery as an acceptable alternative to the loveless marriages forced upon people for the benefit of their families. The tragic stories, too, stem from the same perspective. Though they often end with at least one lover’s death, those left behind who originally imposed the lovers’ separation are nearly always repentant and see the error of their ways in upholding a socially constructed code over God’s natural moral order. Also following logically from this ideology is greater freedom and power of speech for women. R. Hastings argues in Nature and Reason in the Decameron, that in the Tenth Story of the First Day the speaker shows that â€Å"Nature†¦intends women to speak, else, [the speaker] implies, they would not phy sically be able to. Since Nature is morality in the Decameron, if Nature intended that women should speak, speak they shall, and any rule to the contrary is wrong† (2). However, despite this early endorsement of female equality, as the novel moves forward it retreats from this view. A series of stories concerning female empowerment and vocal women in Days 7 and 8 are followed in the final Days by stories that â€Å"try to delimit the power that women might wield,† even resorting to graphic violence in order to reinstate the absolute power of male authority (Migiel 149). Marylin Migiel argues in her book, A rhetoric of the Decameron, â€Å"It seems hardly coincidental that violence against women emerges when the very possibility of women’s empowerment does. The stories of the Decameron imply that if women gain power their power must remain limited by violent means if need be† (149).This contradiction at the heart of Boccaccio’s work is perhaps due to an inability to visualize true gender equality from the perspective of the misogynistic society in which he was writing. Though Boccaccio appears to have made great strides in rejecting the dominant ideology and affirming transgressions of conventional love in favour of class equality, these affirmations ultimately serve only to benefit men. Therefore, the resulting vision becomes one of a society in which there is only one true lower class: women. Though Marguerite’s Heptameron was written only a few years later, and though she too suffers from limitations of vision in a patriarchal society, she is able to partially succeed where Boccaccio failed in overturning oppressive male rhetoric. It is possible that this reflects subtle changes in society’s treatment of women; however, it is more likely a result of her more immediate understanding of the female position.One significant difference between the two works is that Marguerite is not so quick to affirm extramarital a nd premarital affairs, though she, like Boccaccio, locates the roots of adultery in patriarchal and class-oppressive systems. Boccaccio seems to write his stories as if society would be ultimately accepting of natural law if only enough lovers were brave enough to uphold it. He seems to believe that overt resistance is straightforward and always productive. Marguerite, however, writes with more attention to the complexity and reality of such situations. Unlike him, she pays more attention to the negative effects this has on women in particular. She recognizes the double standard men and women have for defining honour and the problems this poses for women who transgress conventional morality in favour of Nature’s moral code.The men throughout the Heptameron who attempt to seduce female lovers see honour as simply an appearance of chastity. The continually attempt to seduce women based on the argument that they are witty and capable of â€Å"protecting† her honour. So lo ng as no one finds out, they consider her honour intact. There is a double standard, however, because these same men, were their own wives to subscribe to this view of honour, would consider her honour disgraced for committing the act of adultery. For example, in Day 1 of the Heptameron, Tale 6 shows how, in reality, for a woman to take a lover outside of marriage ends with her being scapegoated as the deceiving adulteress. Though men obviously recognize the difficulty of remaining chaste in arranged marriages and have no intention of doing so themselves, the women are punished far more harshly, and their adultery is attributed to their sinful female nature rather than to the oppressive system. Therefore this patriarchal double standard prevents the kind of uncomplicated rebellion present in the Decameron. It is not so simple to combat such a complex ideology when the punishment for the female lover is unequal to the punishment for the male.In an attempt to combat this difficulty, t herefore, Marguerite does not simply write as if social censure is a minimal obstacle. Instead, as Patricia Francis Cholakian argues in her book, Rape and Writing in the Heptameron of Marguerite de Navarre, Marguerite embraces the potential for female rhetoric, overturning traditional patriarchal stories in order to expose their oppressive nature and place women in the position of power. For example, Tale 8 of Day 1 is a retelling of a traditional story. In it a husband schemes to meet with his maid in a dark closet and after having her himself, unknown to her, exchange places with his friend so that he may enjoy her as well. The husband’s wife, however, discovers that the husband intends to meet with her maid, though not that he intends to trade places with his friend. Outraged, she determines to exchange places with the maid, but in doing so thereby unwittingly making her husband a cuckold. In the original version of the story the husband retains control. He does not tell h is wife what has happened, dismissing the maid as the guilty one, and forcing his friend to remain silent. In this way he reinstates his authority, and the joke is at the expense of the unwitting wife.In Marguerite’s version, however, the husband is unable to maintain authority. His wife berates him until his is reduced to guilt and shame. He cannot keep control of the situation; the story gets out and it is he who is mocked for making himself a cuckold, while his wife’s honour remains intact. Therefore, in this version, the wife turns the tables of power against her husband, simultaneously revealing her â€Å"master’s† true nature and proving herself as still desirable (Cholakian 73). Therefore, through this female retelling of a male story, the subjective â€Å"place of women within marriage, the unquestioned potency of the husband, and the pact that unites men† are all undermined, â€Å"not to mention the [supposedly objective] signification of rape, honour and desire† (Cholakian 76). In this way, through appropriation of oppressive male rhetoric, Marguerite is able to not only challenge traditional ideologies but shift the position of power to the women in her stories.Despite this, however, ultimately, Marguerite also struggles to envision an equal gender society. In Tale 10, the longest and most complex story in the Heptameron, the narrator struggles to position the woman as the subject of what is traditionally and fundamentally a man’s story. Romance by definition situated the woman as the object, that of the male protagonist’s desires. The story is historical, a retelling of a famous warrior’s attempts to convince the married women of his affections to return his love, first through praise and later through physical force. Floride, the woman of his desires, manages to maintain her honour, though she is wounded both physically and emotionally, denying her own love for him in order to remain c haste. Cholakian contends, â€Å"Floride thus finds herself completely isolated in a system that simultaneously arouses and thwarts female desire† (95). She cannot give in to her love without losing her honour, but to maintain such honour requires her to fend off increasingly threatening advances and retreat from love altogether. Whereas the women of previous stories who rejected male advances did not love the men, Floride loves Amadour but still rejects him.The readers are left unsure, however, whether this means she is more virtuous than the women of the previous stories or whether â€Å"by portraying her heroine as subject to desire†¦Parlamente [confirms] the traditional construction of women’s rampant sexuality† (Cholakian 101). This is further confused by Parlamente’s inability to make the male listeners in the Heptameron recognize a female-centered Romance. Though the story is clearly meant to show Amadour’s lack of virtue in attempting to rape Floride on more than one occasion, nonetheless Geburon says that â€Å"in spite of† all Parlamente has said, the company may â€Å"rest assured† that this man, whom Geburon recognizes from her description, â€Å"was as noble and virtuous a knight as ever lived† (de Navarre 130).Cholakian argues, â€Å"To the men in the company, this is still a mans story. Programmed to react to the masculine plot, they cannot assimilate the transposing of gender roles, represented symbolically by Amadours place in the bed† (Choakian 102). In light of this, the story ultimately, â€Å"like its heroine†¦fails to accomplish what it sets out to do. Although it demonstrates the split between the male and female honour, it does not solve the dilemma posed by female desire† (Cholakian 101). Therefore, love’s relationship with morality is highly complicated in the Heptameron by the seemingly inescapable trap into which women are placed by patriarchy. Th eir only options appear to be a nunnery or acceptance of whatever husband is chosen for them, despite his almost inevitable infidelity. To resist or take a lover, though it may be morally justified, means disgrace, heartbreak, and sometimes even death. The Decameron, therefore, seems to put forth a more positive ideology in which rebellious lovers are capable of overturning the oppressive systems of society. However, as has been discussed, this vision is not without its flaws, some of which are heavily interrogated in Marguerite’s Heptameron. Works Cited Boccaccio, Giovanni. The Decameron. London: Penguin Books, 1995. Print.Christopher Kleinhenz. Texts, Naked and Thinly Veiled: Erotic Elements in MedievalItalian Literature.† Decameron Web. Web. 27 May 2011.Cholakian, Patricia Francis. Rape and Writing in the Heptameron of Marguerite deNavarre. United States: Southern Illinois University Press, 1991. Questia. Web. 27 May 2011.Migiel, Marylin. A rhetoric of the Decameron. London: University of Toronto Press,2003. Google books. Web 27 May 2011.De Navarre, Marguerite. Heptameron. Digireads.com. Google books. Web. 27 May2011.

Become a TA in Graduate School

If you are preparing to go to graduate school, you may want to consider becoming a teaching assistant, or TA. An assistantship is a form of financial assistance provided to graduate students. They provide part-time academic employment and the school provides a stipend to the student. Teaching assistants  receive  a paid stipend and/or receive tuition remission (free tuition) in exchange for tasks they perform for a faculty member, the department, or the college. This defrays the cost of their graduate education​ but also means they are working for the college or university -- and have responsibilities as both a teacher and student. What Does a TA Get? The duties that a TA performs can vary according to schools, departments or what an individual professor needs.  Teaching assistantships provide aid in exchange for teaching activities, such as assisting a professor by conducting lab or study groups, preparing lectures, and grading. Some TAs may teach an entire class. Others simply assist the teacher. Most TAs put in about 20 hours per week.   While the discount or coverage of tuition is nice, a TA is a student at the same time. This means that he or she will have to maintain their own coursework load while providing TA duties. It can be a tough challenge to balance being both a teacher and a student! It can be hard for many TAs to do this, and to remain professional among students that are probably close in age, but the rewards of being a TA can be valued long after graduation. In addition to the financial perks, a TA receives the ability to interact with professors (and students) extensively. Being involved in the academic circuit provides extensive networking opportunities -- especially if the TA wants to eventually become an academic professional. The TA will have a valuable in for job prospects as they network with other professors. How to Become a Teaching Assistant Because  of the steep tuition discount, or complete tuition reimbursement, TA positions are coveted. Competition can be fierce in order to secure a spot as a teaching assistant. Applicants likely have to go through an extensive selection and interview process. After getting accepted as a teaching assistant, they typically undergo TA training.   If you are hoping to snag a spot as a TA, make sure you know about the application process early. This will help you develop a strong platform and application bid, and meet deadlines necessary to apply on time.   Other Ways to Defray Grad School Costs Being a TA isnt the only that grad students can also earn a tuition stipend. If you are more interested in conducting research as opposed to teaching, your university or college may offer the opportunity to become a research assistant.  Research assistantships pay students to assist a professor with his or her research, similar to the way that TAs help professors with classwork.

System Integrity and Validation - Kudler Fine Foods

Individual Assignment: System Integrity and Validation - Kudler Fine Foods Over the past few weeks our team has looked into a number of aspects of Kudler Fine Foods and made recommendations as necessary in hopes of updating and replacing existing components of the companies IT systems in hopes of making the company more productive and profitable. Last week out team focused on the importance of audits and at a number of different types of audits that should be conducted to future evaluate the company as a whole. From our research we found that the most appropriate audits to employ are the SAS 94 and the Attestation audits (in particular, the data analytic review) (Cornwall, Sullivan, amp; Chandler, 2012). These types of audit systems†¦show more content†¦Since the scope of CAATs can change vastly depending on the project at hand. The company in charge of the design would have the task of determining the best way to utilize the CAAT so that it is proving the company with the best possible outcome. With that said CAATs have the capability of doing a n umber of things. Below is a list of possible ways that the productivity software can be used in the system design. Import client’s raw data from legacy systems; * Automatically generate working papers and their references (i.e., lead and detail schedules); * Export to Excel amp; other file formats to facilitate sharing of information with the client amp; others; * Drill down and see underlying transactions from financial statements; * Enter adjusting journal entries; * Break down accounts into subcomponents; * Create consolidated financial statements; * Map accounts from lead and detail schedules to the client’s general ledger accounts; * Populate report templates and risk assessments from findings sheets; * Calculate predefined ratios and other performance measures such as the Balanced Score Card; * Compare versions of a document and highlight differences or changes; * Generate risk analysis and business cycle analysis; * Conduct file interrogation; * Share files among other members of the audit engagementShow MoreRelatedEssay about System Integrity and Validation1055 Words   |  5 Pageshead: System Integrity and Validation System Integrity and Validation Aaron Stewart University of Phoenix Accounting Information Systems ACC/542 MBAY0ZDVQ0 Yasin Dadabhoy September 19, 2011 Preface Kudler Finer Foods has a very strong accounting information system in place but there is room for improvement. 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Entrepreneur Assignment free essay sample

Entrepreneurs in the 21st century not only must be able to see and grab opportunity whenever there is but also must be able and sensitive in analyzing, formulate and taking action towards any opportunities. Entrepreneurs who grab any chances that they see and make the best out of it are the pre-condition to success. In order to be an entrepreneur who can predict and analyze opportunities, they will not give up on any chances that will bring profit to their organization.Entrepreneurs that have this characteristic or attitude is also known to be an unique person because they can foresee future better than others and aiming towards the opportunities that is going to come. To be a successful entrepreneur shall open eyes to opportunities. Be opportunity-oriented. Successful entrepreneurs are consistently looking for new opportunities. When youre stuck in a job, you are forced to fear loss that is, getting demoted or let go. When you are an entrepreneur, the fear of missed opportunities is more than the fear of loss.Whether youre looking for discoveries that will allow you to create another source of income, or ones that will allow you to enhance your existing business, keeping a vigilant eye on new opportunities is important to your success as an entrepreneur. Opportunity-oriented entrepreneurs respond to the crisis of change in a totally different way. While seeing the dangers, they view change as a potential advantage to be explored rather than to avoid it. Each day, they assume that new opportunities will appear that will produce even more demanding challenges.When they face unexpected problems, they are able to regain themselves by readjusting with their sense of purpose. They view disruption as a required part of life. They produce creative ways to manage the implications rather than waste their resources to avoid the disruptions. One of the differences between an entrepreneur and an employee is employees are resource-oriented, while entrepreneurs are opportunity-oriented. For example, a Malaysian entrepreneur, Jimmy Choo, grab the opportunity to enter the Cordwainers Technical College in London although he had to work part-time at restaurants and also as a cleaner at a shoe factory.Creative and Innovative An Entrepreneur shall be creative and innovative. Creative and innovative entrepreneur is a person who is creative in their responses and innovative in their outcomes. Their courage and entrepreneurial pursuits move entire industries to new levels of achievement. Their efforts often result in progressing the economies of their countries. Creativity and innovation is also the tool of entrepreneurship. Creativity is the ability to make or bring something new, whether a new solution to a problem, a new method or device, or a new artistic object or form into existence.Creativity is also the act of seeing things that everyone around us sees while making connections that no one else has made (Wyckoff, 1991). Besides, creativity is marked by the ability to create, bring into existence, to invent into a new form, to produce through imaginative skill, to make to bring into existence something new (Harris, 1998). On the other hand, innovation is adding something new to an existing product or process. The key words are adding and existing. The product or process has already been created and has worked normally well. When it is changed so that it works better or for another different purpose, then there is innovation. All innovation begins with creative ideas. Creativity is the starting point for innovation. Creativity is however necessary but not sufficient condition for innovation. Innovation is the implantation of creative inspiration (Friday O. Okpara, 2007). For Example Michael Dell from Dell Corporation with $1,000 and an idea to build relationships directly with computer buyers. Another example, Steve Jobs is a creative and innovation entrepreneur. The personal-computer industry itself began as an Apple wingding when the Cupertino, California-based company introduced the Apple II in 1977. Ever since, Apple has played the role of generous host, spicing up the festivities with one tasty offering after another. Following the PC, Apple served up many of the features that computer users have since come to take for granted, including the graphical user interface, the mouse, the laser printer, and the color monitor.Yet Apple has been forced to watch the celebrations from out in the alley, its nose pressed longingly to the window as others feast: Today, more than a quarter-century after its founding, it commands just 2% of the $180 billion worldwide market for PCs. Almost everyone agrees that Apples products are not only trailblazers but also easier to use, often more powerful, and always more elegant than those of its rivals. Yet those rivals have followed its crea tive leads and snatched for themselves the profits and scale that continually elude Apples grasp. PersistentEveryone has a dream inside him or her heart deeply. Normally, everyone wish to become a rich man to fulfil their unlimited desires. Hence, they will start to run their own business to earn money. There are certain personal qualities that highly needed to run the business and one of the qualities is persistent. As an entrepreneur, he or she need persistent to run the business continuously no matter how intelligence and talent they have. When entrepreneurs are facing some difficulty problems, they can overcome the problems automatically with their persistent determination.When a person has a strong persistent mind to do a mission, they are willing and able to complete their tasks no matter how tough the missions are because they have high motivation to do it. They are not give up easily and keep trying to do the mission properly unless they are achieving the purpose that they need. Hence, persistent is something keeps a business running continuously and achieve the purpose goal. For example, Datuk Steven Sim, brand’s founder for the ‘ Secret Recipe’, who made the brand popular ten years ago.Sim and his nephews started their first outlet in SS2 Petaling Jaya, in 1997. Now, this cake cafe had been launched in many countries, they are Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Pakistan Brunei and Australia. To expand a business like this is not easy to achieve it, Sim says, to grow their company always need differentiation, innovation, adaptability, research and development, identity, brand promise and consistency. Besides that, they must be persistent to do every task that had been setup to ensure everything can be control smoothly. In addition, Sim says, building a sustainable business with a strong brand is not an easy task because they must know what the strength of the brand is, focus on it and develop it consistently, this way only can bring benefits to them. In conclusion, entrepreneurs need persistent to complete every task and mission in their business because persistent is the key to success for everyone. Market focus Market focus refers to the selected customer segments in the market. Customer levels can be divided into geography, demography, psychographic, and behavior.In the geography segment, the market is divided according to location and places that include state, district, and weather condition. Example, winter clothing is a need for four season countries. Second, demography divides the customer market into age, gender, race, family size, ethnic and education. For an instance, cosmetic products for women. Third, psychographic examines customers personality, culture, and social class. Fourth, for the behavior section, according to the customer’s response to the product that involves daily use and volume of usage.